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Book I and II This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org . If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title : The Will to Power: An Attempted Transvaluation of All Values. Book I and II Author : Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Editor : Oscar Levy Translator : Anthony M. Ludovici Release date : August 28, 2016 [eBook #52914] Most recently updated: October 23, 2024 Language : English Other information and formats : www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/52914 Credits : Produced by Marc D'Hooghe at Free Literature (back online soon in an extended version, alo linking to free sources for education worldwide ... MOOC's, educational materials,...) (Images generously made available by the Internet Archive.) *** START OF BOOK I AND II *** THE WILL TO POWER AN ATTEMPTED TRANSVALUATION OF ALL VALUES BY FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE TRANSLATED BY ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI VOL. I BOOKS I AND II The Complete Works of Friedrich Nietzsche The First Complete and Authorised English Translation Edited by Dr Oscar Levy Volume Fourteen T.N. FOULIS 13 & 15 FREDERICK STREET EDINBURGH: AND LONDON 1914 CONTENTS OF VOL. I. PREFACE 1 FIRST BOOK. EUROPEAN NIHILISM. A Plan 5 I. Nihilism— 1. Nihilism as an Outcome of the Valuations and Interpretations of Existence which have prevailed hitherto 8 2. Further Causes of Nihilism 23 3. The Nihilistic Movement as an Expression of Decadence 31 4. The Crisis: Nihilism and the Idea of Recurrence 47 II. Concerning the History of European Nihilism— (a) Modern Gloominess 55 (b) The Last Centuries 73 (c) Signs of Increasing Strength 91 SECOND BOOK. A CRITICISM OF THE HIGHEST VALUES THAT HAVE PREVAILED HITHERTO. I. Criticism of Religion— 1. Concerning the Origin of Religions 113 2. Concerning the History of Christianity 132 3. Christian Ideals 179 II. A Criticism of Morality— 1. The Origin of Moral Valuations 210 2. The Herd 226 3. General Observations concerning Morality 237 4. How Virtue is made to Dominate 248 5. The Moral Ideal— A. A Criticism of Ideals 264 B. A Criticism of the "Good Man," of the Saint, etc. 282 C. Concerning the Slander of the so-called Evil Qualities 291 D. A Criticism of the Words: Improving, Perfecting, Elevating 312 6. Concluding Remarks concerning the Criticism of Morality 320 III. Criticism of Philosophy— 1. General Remarks 327 2. A Criticism of Greek Philosophy 345 3. The Truths and Errors of Philosophers 369 4. Concluding Remarks in the Criticism of Philosophy 378 TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. In the volume before us we have the first two books of what was to be Nietzsche's greatest theoretical and philosophical prose work. The reception given to Thus Spake Zarathustra had been so unsatisfactory, and misunderstandings relative to its teaching had become so general, that, within a year of the publication of the first part of that famous philosophical poem, Nietzsche was already beginning to see the necessity of bringing his doctrines before the public in a more definite and unmistakable form. During the years that followed—that is to say, between 1883 and 1886—this plan was matured, and although we have no warrant, save his sister's own word and the internal evidence at our disposal, for classing Beyond Good and Evil (published 1886) among the contributions to Nietzsche's grand and final philosophical scheme, "The Will to Power," it is now impossible to separate it entirely from his chief work as we would naturally separate The Birth of Tragedy, the Thoughts out of Season, the volumes entitled Human, all-too-Human, The Dawn of Day, and Joyful Wisdom. Beyond Good and Evil, then, together with its sequel, The Genealogy of Morals, and the two little volumes, The Twilight of the Idols and the Antichrist (published in 1889 and 1894 respectively), must be regarded as forming part of the general plan of which The Will to Power was to be the opus magnum. Unfortunately, The Will to Power was never completed by its author. The text from which this translation was made is a posthumous publication, and it suffers from all the disadvantages that a book must suffer from which has been arranged and ordered by foster hands. When those who were responsible for its publication undertook the task of preparing it for the press, it was very little more than a vast collection of notes and rough drafts, set down by Nietzsche from time to time, as the material for his chief work; and, as any liberty taken with the original manuscript, save that of putting it in order, would probably have resulted in adding or excluding what the author would on no account have added or excluded himself, it follows that in some few cases the paragraphs are no more than hasty memoranda of passing thoughts, which Nietzsche must have had the intention of elaborating at some future time. In these cases the translation follows the German as closely as possible, and the free use even of a conjunction has in certain cases been avoided, for fear lest the meaning might be in the slightest degree modified. It were well, therefore, if the reader could bear these facts in mind whenever he is struck by a certain clumsiness, either of expression or disposition, in the course of reading this translation. It may be said that, from the day when Nietzsche first recognised the necessity of making a more unequivocal appeal to his public than the Zarathustra had been, that is to say, from the spring of 1883, his work in respect of The Will to Power suffered no interruption whatsoever, and that it was his chief preoccupation from that period until his breakdown in 1889. That this span of six years was none too long for the task he had undertaken, will be gathered from the fact that, in the great work he ha