The Histories — タキトゥス
You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org . If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title : Tacitus: The Histories, Volumes I and II Author : Cornelius Tacitus Translator : W. Hamilton Fyfe Release date : October 23, 2005 [eBook #16927] Most recently updated: December 12, 2020 Language : English Other information and formats : www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/16927 Credits : Produced by Justin Kerk, Louise Pryor and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net HTML file revised by David Widger *** START OF HAMILTON FYFE FELLOW OF MERTON COLLEGE IN TWO VOLUMES VOLUME I VOLUME II OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1912 HENRY FROWDE PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON, EDINBURGH, NEW YORK TORONTO AND MELBOURNE TO D. H. F. 'The cause of undertaking a work of this kind was a good will in this scribling age not to do nothing, and a disproportion in the powers of my mind, nothing of mine owne invention being able to passe the censure of mine owne judgement, much less, I presumed, the judgement of others.... 'If thy stomacke be so tender as thou canst not disgest Tacitus in his owne stile, thou art beholding to one who gives thee the same food, but with a pleasant and easie taste.' Sir Henry Savile (a.d. 1591). CONTENTS VOLUME I Introduction 5 Text: Books I, II 17 VOLUME II Text: Books III-V 9 Index Of Names 231 MAPS VOLUME I Introduction Summary of Chief Events VOLUME I Preface The State of the Empire Galba's Position The Distribution of Forces The German Revolt and the Adoption of Piso Galba's Measures of Precaution The Rise of Otho The Fall of Galba Otho on the Throne Dramatis Personae The Rise of Vitellius The March of Valens' Column The March of Caecina's Column Otho's Government and the Distribution of Forces Otho's Plans Book II Vespasian and the East The Trial of Annius Faustus Otho's Measures of Defence The Decisive Struggle Vitellius' Principate The Revolt of Vespasian Vitellius in Rome VOLUME II Summary of Chief Events Book III Antonius' Advance Dissension in Vitellius' Camp The Engagement near Cremona The Fate of Cremona Vitellius The State of the Provinces Antonius' Advance from Cremona Vitellius' Measures of Defence The Passage of the Apennines The Abdication of Vitellius and the Burning of the Capitol The Taking of Tarracina The Sack of Rome and the end of Vitellius Book IV Rome after the Fall of Vitellius The Revolt of Civilis and the Batavi The Mutiny of the Batavian Cohorts The Siege of Vetera The Relief of Vetera Rome and the Empire under Vespasian The Loss of Germany The Ebb-tide of Revolt Events in Rome and in the East Book V The Conquest of Judaea The End of the German Revolt SUMMARY OF CHIEF EVENTS I. The Fight for the Throne. a.d. 68. June 9. Death of Nero. 16. Galba, Governor of Nearer Spain, declared Emperor at Clunia. Fonteius Capito, Governor of Lower Germany, Clodius Macer, Governor of Africa, and Nymphidius Sabinus, Prefect of the Guard, murdered as possible rivals. Verginius Rufus, Governor of Upper Germany, refuses to compete October Galba enters Rome. Massacre of Marines at Mulvian Bridge. His government controlled by Laco, Vinius, and Icelus. a.d. 69. January 1. News of mutiny in Upper Germany, now governed by Hordeonius Flaccus. 3. The armies of Upper Germany (under Caecina) and of Lower Germany (under Valens) salute Vitellius, Governor of Lower Germany, as Emperor. 10. Galba adopts Piso Licinianus as his successor. 15. Otho declared Emperor in Rome and recognized by Praetorian Guard. Murder of Galba, Vinius, and Piso. Otho recognized by the Senate. February The Vitellian armies are now marching on Italy: Caecina through Switzerland and over the Great St. Bernard with Legio XXI Rapax and detachments of IV Macedonica and XXII Primigenia: Valens through Gaul and over Mount Genèvre with Legio V Alaudae and detachments of I Italica, XV Primigenia, and XVI. March Caecina crosses the Alps. Otho dispatches an advance-guard under Annius Gallus and Spurinna. Otho starts for the Po with Suetonius Paulinus, Marius Celsus, and Proculus. Titianus left in charge of Rome. Otho sends fleet to Narbonese Gaul, and orders Illyric Legions 1 to concentrate at Aquileia. Spurinna repulses Caecina from Placentia. Otho's main army joins Gallus at Bedriacum. Titianus summoned to take nominal command. April 6. Battle of Locus Castorum. Caecina defeated. Valens joins Caecina at Cremona. 15. Battle of Bedriacum. Othonian defeat. 17. Otho commits suicide at Brixellum. 19. Vitellius recognized by the Senate. May Vitellius greeted by his own and Otho's generals at Lyons. 24. Vitellius visits the battle-field of Bedriacum. June Vitellius moves slowly towards Rome with a huge retinue. July 1. Vespasian, Governor of Judaea, proclaimed Emperor at Alexandria. 3. At Caesarea. 15. At Antioch. The Eastern princes and the Illyric Legions 2 declare for Vespasian. His chief supporters are Mucianus; Governor of Syria, Antonius Primus commanding Leg. VII Galbiana, and Cornelius Fuscus, Procurator of Pannonia. Mucianus moves slowly westward with Leg. VI Ferrata and detachments from the other Eastern legions. Vespasian holds Egypt, Rome's granary. Titus takes command in Judaea. Antonius Primus with Arrius Varus hurries forward into Italy. August Vitellius vegetates in Rome. Caecina marches to meet the invasion. (Valens aegrotat.) His Legions are I, IV Macedonica, XV Primigenia, XVI, V Alaudae, XXII Primigenia, I Italica, XXI Rapax, and detachments from Britain. September Antonius surprises a Vitellian detachment at Forum Alieni. At Padua the Pannonian legions arrive. He fortifies Verona. The Moesian legions arrive. Caecina holds Cremona with Legs. I Italica and XXI Rapax and cavalry. He encamps with the rest of his force near Hostilia on the Tartaro. Valens dawdles northward with three prae