Critique of Pure Reason / 純粋理性批判 (Kritik der reinen Vernunft) — Immanuel Kant
The Critique of Pure Reason | Project Gutenberg You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org . If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title : The Critique of Pure Reason Author : Immanuel Kant Translator : J. M. D. Meiklejohn Release date : July 1, 2003 [eBook #4280] Most recently updated: May 12, 2025 Language : English Other information and formats : www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4280 Credits : Charles Aldarondo and David Widger *** START OF M. D. Meiklejohn Contents Preface to the First Edition (1781) Preface to the Second Edition (1787) Introduction I. Of the difference between Pure and Empirical Knowledge II. The Human Intellect, even in an Unphilosophical State, is in Possession of Certain Cognitions “à priori”. III. Philosophy stands in need of a Science which shall Determine the Possibility, Principles, and Extent of Human Knowledge “à priori” IV. Of the Difference Between Analytical and Synthetical Judgements. V. In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason, Synthetical Judgements “à priori” are contained as Principles. VI. The Universal Problem of Pure Reason. VII. Idea and Division of a Particular Science, under the Name of a Critique of Pure Reason. I. Transcendental Doctrine of Elements First Part—TRANSCENDENTAL ÆSTHETIC § 1. Introductory SECTION I. OF SPACE § 2. Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception. § 3. Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Space. § 4. Conclusions from the foregoing Conceptions. SECTION II. OF TIME § 5. Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception. § 6. Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Time. § 7. Conclusions from the above Conceptions. § 8. Elucidation. § 9. General Remarks on Transcendental Æsthetic. § 10. Conclusion of the Transcendental Æsthetic. Second Part—TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC Introduction. Idea of a Transcendental Logic I. Of Logic in General II. Of Transcendental Logic III. Of the Division of General Logic into Analytic and Dialectic IV. Of the Division of Transcendental Logic into Transcendental Analytic and Dialectic FIRST DIVISION—TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC BOOK I. Analytic of Conceptions. § 2 Chapter I. Of the Transcendental Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Conceptions of the Understanding Introductory § 3 Section I. Of the Logical Use of the Understanding in General. § 4 Section II. Of the Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgements. § 5 Section III. Of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding, or Categories. § 6 Chapter II. Of the Deduction of the Pure Conception of the Understanding Section I. Of the Principles of a Transcendental Deduction in general § 9 Transition to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories. § 10 Section II Transcendental Deduction of the pure Conceptions of the Understanding. Of the Possibility of a Conjunction of the manifold representations given by Sense. § 11. Of the Originally Synthetical Unity of Apperception. § 12 The Principle of the Synthetical Unity of Apperception is the highest Principle of all exercise of the Understanding. § 13 What Objective Unity of Self-consciousness is. § 14 The Logical Form of all Judgements consists in the Objective Unity of Apperception of the Conceptions contained therein. § 15 All Sensuous Intuitions are subject to the Categories, as Conditions under which alone the manifold Content of them can be united in one Consciousness. § 16 Observation. § 17 In Cognition, its Application to Objects of Experience is the only legitimate use of the Category. § 18 Of the Application of the Categories to Objects of the Senses in general. § 20 Transcendental Deduction of the universally possible employment in experience of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding. § 22 Result of this Deduction of the Conceptions of the Understanding. § 23 BOOK II. Analytic of Principles INTRODUCTION. Of the Transcendental Faculty of judgement in General. TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF THE FACULTY OF JUDGEMENT OR, ANALYTIC OF PRINCIPLES. Chapter I. Of the Schematism at of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding. Chapter II. System of all Principles of the Pure Understanding. Section I. Of the Supreme Principle of all Analytical Judgements. Section II. Of the Supreme Principle of all Synthetical Judgements. Section III. Systematic Representation of all Synthetical Principles of the Pure Understanding. Chapter III Of the Ground of the Division of all Objects into Phenomena and Noumena. APPENDIX. SECOND DIVISION—TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC. INTRODUCTION. I. Of Transcendental Illusory Appearance. II. Of Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusory Appearance. TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC—BOOK I—OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF PURE REASON. Section I—Of Ideas in General. Section II. Of Transcendental Ideas. Section III. System of Transcendental Ideas. TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC—BOOK II—OF THE DIALECTICAL PROCEDURE OF PURE REASON. Chapter I. Of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason. Chapter II. The Antinomy of Pure Reason. Section I. System of Cosmological Ideas. Section II. Antithetic of Pure Reason. Section III. Of the Interest of Reason in these Self-contradictions. Section IV. Of the necessity imposed upon Pure Reason of presenting a Solution of its Transcendental Problems. Section V. Sceptical Exposition of the Cosmological Problems presented in the four Transcendental Ideas. Section VI. Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the Solution of Pure Cosmological Dialectic. Section VII. Critical Solution of the Cosmological Problem. Section VIII. Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in relation to the Cosmological Ideas. Section IX. Of the Empirical Use of the Regulative Principle of Reason with regard to the Cosmological Ideas. I. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Composition of Phenomena in the Universe. II. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Division